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Analysis of experimental activities in chemistry textbooks for primary schools
Špísová, Klára ; Rusek, Martin (advisor) ; Beneš, Pavel (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to analyze experimental activities in chemistry textbooks for primary schools in the Czech Republic. The types of activities and their placement in the phases of teaching, cognitive demand are examined. The analysis includes the most used textbooks of chemistry - textbooks by Fortuna: Základy chemie 1, 2 and Základy praktické chemie 1, 2. Textbooks by Nová škola, Fraus and Taktik for 8th and 9th grade. All textbooks contain suggestions for practical activities, most of them are in the ZCH, FR and NŠ textbooks. Different types of activities are identified in the chemistry textbooks, such as independent student activity, observation of teacher demonstration, laboratory work, watching videos, pictures and solving problems. Independent student activity and observation of teacher demonstration are the most common. FR and T textbooks also offer interactivity through videos. Practical topics focus mainly on the exposure phase of the lesson. In terms of the development of cognitive operations, the tasks in the chemistry textbooks focus on lower-level operations such as memorization, comprehension, and application. Higher operations, especially the development of making, was mainly in the textbooks for grade 8. The textbooks published by NŠ had a balanced representation for both grades.
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Change in the position and functions of school geographical atlases during distance learning
Ďurkech, Pavol ; Havelková, Lenka (advisor) ; Hofmann, Eduard (referee)
The thesis is focused on the changes caused by distance education (due to the Covid-19 pandemic). Specifically, how the pandemic influenced the position of school geographic atlases in relation to other tools in geography education and how was changed the use of the functions that this tool could provide. These changes were examined in three periods (pre-pandemic, pandemic and post- pandemic). The focus of the thesis also determines its individual objectives. First main objective of this thesis is to compare the position of printed school geography atlases in distance learning versus face-to-face learning in relation to other teaching tools used in geography education. Hence, the secondary objective, aimed at ranking the main teaching tools used in geography education in face-to-face learning and then capturing their possible transformation in the distance and post- distance learning. The functions and uses of these printed school geography atlases in the above periods are then examined. From this, the further objectives of the thesis are derived, namely to determine the functions that school geographic atlases might have performed and to characterize the possible transformation of the functions of the school geographic atlases and the ways of working with school geographic atlases in distance...
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Lower-secondary School Chemistry Textbooks: The Use and Selected Structural components' Analysis
Vojíř, Karel ; Rusek, Martin (advisor) ; Klečková, Marta (referee) ; Kmeťová, Jarmila (referee)
Textbooks are a tool which serves several purposes in education. Except for students, textbooks are also being used by teachers who, thanks to a complex selection and transformation of the subject-matter, represent the most concrete shape of intended curriculum. For this reason, textbooks can influence education significantly. However, this field has not been addressed yet within lower-secondary school chemistry education research. The goal of this thesis was therefore to map the field of Czech lower-secondary school chemistry textbooks. In order to put the topic into a context, first, a systematic literature review on science education textbook research was performed. Also, textbooks' publishing after 1989 in the context of national lower-secondary school curricular changes was mapped. Textbooks' potential influence is conditioned by their elaboration as well as their use. For this reason, a questionnaire survey was performed on a random sample of 378 chemistry teachers from 370 lower-secondary schools. This sample enables generalization for the entire lower-secondary schools and chemistry teachers' population in Czechia. The research showed: which textbooks are being used, the way they were selected at schools, teachers' evaluation, and purpose of their use with a special attention to particular...
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